विविध आसने
योग ही एक उत्कृष्ट जगण्याची कला आणि विज्ञान आहे. भारतीय संस्कृतीमध्ये पुरातन काळापासून योगविज्ञानाचे महत्त्व सांगितले आहे. योगामुळे आपले मन, शरीर बलवान आणि सुंदर बनते. योग हा मानसिक आणि शारीरिक पातळीवर असणारे आजार मुळापासून बरे करण्यास मदत करतो. पुरातन काळात भारतीय संस्कृतीमध्ये राजे, ऋषी, मुनी,सामान्य जनता आपल्या रोजच्या जीवनात योगशास्त्र वापरत असत. त्यमुळे त्यांचे जगणे अजून आनंदमय होत असे.आजही हिमालयात अनेक ऋषी-मुनी योगसाधना करतात.
आजच्या धकाधकीच्या जीवनात प्रत्येक लहान - थोर मंडळीनी योगविज्ञान शिकले पाहिजे . योगाचे दोन प्रकार असतात एक म्हणजे ध्यानधारणा करून आणि दुसरा म्हणजे योगासने करून. शरीराच्या प्रत्येक अवयवासाठी वेगवेगळे उत्तम योगासने आहेत. वज्रासन,ताडासन,मास्य्सान ,धनुरासन हे काही प्रकार होत. अनुक्रमे मंड्या,उंची वाढवणे,पोट,शरीर यासाठी ही आसने फार लाभ दायक आहेत. आजकाल शाळेत शारीरिक शिक्षण तासाला योगासने शिकवली जातात. हे लहान मुलांच्या आरोग्यासाठी वाढत्या वयातले उत्तम औषध आहे. शारीरिक संतुलनाचा एक महामार्ग आहे.
दुर्धर आजारांनी त्रासलेल्या लोकांना, मानसिक आजारी असलेले लोक,कामाच्या ताणापासून मुक्ती हवी असलेल्यांना ध्यानधारणा हा एक राजमार्ग आहे. थोड्याश्या जागेतही, रोज थोडा वेळ दिला तरी आपण ध्यानधारणा करू शकतो.
येथे विविध आसनांचे चित्रदालन तयार केले आहे.[१]
आसने
योगासने | कृती | प्रकार | Described[a][३][b] | चित्र |
---|---|---|---|---|
अधोमुख श्वानासन [४] | Downward-Facing Dog | Standing | 20th C. TK[५] 18th C. HAP (in dynamic pose "Gajāsana")[६] | |
अधोमुखवृक्षासन[७] | Downward-Facing Tree, Yoga Handstand | Balancing | 18th C. HAP[८] | |
आकर्णधनुरासन | Shooting bow, Archer, Bow and arrow | Sitting | 19th C. ST[१०] (as Dhanurāsana) | |
अनन्तासन [११] | Ananta's pose, Vishnu's Couch pose | Reclining | 20th C. LoY[१२] | |
अञ्जनेयासन[१३] | Crescent Moon[१४] | Standing | 20th C.[१५] | |
अर्धचन्द्रासन [१६] | Half moon | Standing | 20th C. LoY[१७] | |
अष्टाङ्ग नमस्कार [१८] | Eight-Limbed Salutation Caterpillar | Reclining | 20th C. TK[१८] | |
अष्टावक्रासन[१९] | Aṣṭāvakra's pose, Eight-angled | Balancing | 20th C. LoY[२०] | |
बद्धकोणासन[२१] Bhadrasana[२२] | Bound angle, Cobbler's pose | Sitting, Meditation[२२] | 15th C. HYP[२२] 17th C. GhS[२२] | |
बकासन, ककासन [२३] Kakasana[२४] | Crane (arms straight) Crow (arms bent) | Balancing | 17th C. HR[२५] | |
बालासन[२६] | Child | Sitting | 20th C. TK[२७] 19th C. ST Ananda Balasana (as Kandukasana)[२८] | |
भैरवासन अण्कुशासन Ankushasana[२९] | Formidable | Reclining | 19th C. ST[२९] | |
भरद्वाजासन[३०] | Bharadvaja's twist | Sitting, Twist | 20th C. LoY[३१] | |
भेकासन[३२] | Frog | Reclining, Backbend | 20th C. LoY[३३] | |
भुजंगासन[३४] | Cobra | Reclining, Backbend | 17th C. GhS 2.42[३५][३६] | |
भुजपीडासन[३७] | Arm-pressing posture | Balancing | 20th C. LoY[३८] | |
बिडालासन मार्जरीआसन [३९] Marjariasana[४०] | Cat | Kneeling, Backbend | 20th C. T.K.V. Desikachar, Satyananda Saraswati[४०] | |
चतुरङ्गदण्डासन[४१] | Four-Limbed Staff Low Plank | Reclining | 20th C. TK[४२] | |
दण्डासन[४३] | Staff | Sitting | 8th C. PSV[४४] | |
धनुरासन[४५] | Bow | Reclining, Backbend | 15th C. HYP 1.27 | |
दुर्वासासन[४६] | Durvasa's Pose | Standing, Balancing | 19th C. ST (as 'Trivikramasana')[४७] | |
गर्भासन[४८] | Embryo in Womb | Sitting | 17th C. BaH[४९] | |
गरुडासन[५०] | Eagle | Standing, Balancing | 19th C. ST[५१][c] | |
गोमुखासन[५२] | Cow-faced | Sitting, Meditation[५३] | 4th C. DU 3.3–4[५४][५५] 7th C. AS[५५] 10th C. V[५६] 15th C. HYP 1.20 17th C. HR 3[५७][५८][५५] | |
गोरक्षासन | Cowherd Gorakhnath's pose | Sitting, Meditation | 14th C. ShS 3.108-112 15th C. HYP 1.28-29 17th C. GhS 2.24-25 | |
हलासन[५९] | Plough | Inversion, Forward bend | 19th C. ST[६०] (as Lāṇgalāsana, plough) 20th C. TB[६१] | |
हनुमानासन[६२] | Hanuman's Pose | Sitting | 20th C. TK[६३] | |
जानुशीर्षासन[६४] | Head-to-Knee | Sitting, Forward Bend | 20th C. TK[६५][६६] | |
जठर परिवर्तनासन[६७] | Belly twist | Reclining, Twist | 20th C. LoY[६७] | |
कपोतासन[६८] | Pigeon | Kneeling, Backbend | 20th C. LoY[६९] | |
कर्णपीडासन[७०] | Ear-pressing | Inversion, Forward bend | 20th C. TB[७१] (as variant of Halasana); LoY[७२] | |
कौण्डिन्यसन[७३] | Kaundinya's pose | Balancing | 20th C. LoY[७४] | |
क्रौञ्चासन[७५] | Heron | Sitting | 17th C. HR[२५] | |
कुक्कुटासन[४८] | Cockerel | Balancing | 7th C. AS[४९] 13th C. VS[७६] 15th C. HYP 1.23 17th C. GhS 2.31[५१] | |
कूर्मासन[७७][७८] | Tortoise | Sitting, Forward bend | 7th C. AS[४९] | |
लोलासन[७९] | Pendant | Balancing | 20th C.[d][e] | |
मकरासन[८२] | Crocodile | Reclining | 17th C. GhS 2.40[f] | |
मालासन[८४] | Garland | Squatting, Forward bend | 20th C. LoY[८४] | |
मंडुकासन | Frog | Sitting | 17th C. GhS[३५] | |
मरीच्यासन[८५] | Marichi's Pose | Sitting, Twist | 20th C. TK[८६] | |
मत्स्यासन[८७] | Fish | Reclining, Backbend | 17th C. GhS 2.21 | |
मत्स्येन्द्रासन[८८] | Lord of the Fishes Matsyendra's pose | Sitting, Twist | 15th C. HYP 1.28-29 17th C. GhS | |
मयूरासन[७] | Peacock | Balancing | 10th C. V[५६] 15th C. HYP 1.33 | |
मुक्तासन[८९] | Liberated | Sitting, Meditation | 10th C. V[५६][g] | |
नटराजासन[९०] | Lord of the Dance Dancer Nataraja's Pose | Standing, Backbend | 20th C. TK[९१] | |
नावासन, परिपूर्णनावासन नौकासन [२९] | Boat | Sitting, Forward bend | 19th C. ST[२९] | |
पद्मासन[९२] | Lotus | Sitting, Meditation[९३] | 4th C. DU[९४] 8th C. PSV[४४] | |
परिघासन[९५] | Gate | Standing | 20th C. TK[४२] | |
पार्श्वकोणासन[९६] | Side angle | Standing | 20th C. TK[४२][६५] | |
पार्श्वोत्तनासन[९७] | Intense side stretch | Standing | 20th C. TK[४२][६५] | |
पाशासन[९८] | Noose | Squatting, Twist | 19th C. ST[३६] | |
पश्चिमोत्तानासन[९९] | Seated Forward Bend | Sitting, Forward Bend | 15th C. HYP 1:28[१०] 17th C. GhS 2:26[१०] | |
पिञ्चमयूरासन[१००] | Feathered Peacock | Balancing | 20th C. LoY[१०१] | |
प्रसारित पादोत्तानासन[१०२] | Wide Stance Forward Bend | Standing, Forward bend | 20th C. TK[४२][६५] | |
राजकपोतासन[१०३] | King Pigeon | Sitting, Backbend | 20th C. LoY[१०४] | |
शलभासन[१०५] | Locust | Reclining, Backbend | 20th C. TB[१०६] | |
सालम्बसर्वाङ्गासन[१०७] | Shoulder Stand | Inversion | 20th C. (this name); 19th C. as Viparita Karani in JP; 15th C. HYP | |
समकोणासन[१०८] | Side splits | Sitting | 20th C. TK[६५] | |
शवासन[१०९] | Corpse | Reclining | 15th C. HYP 1.32[११०] | |
सेतुबन्धसर्वाङ्गासन[१११] | Shoulder supported bridge | Inversion, Backbend | 19th C. ST, called Kāmapīṭhāsana[११२] | |
सिद्धासन (men), Siddha Yoni Asana (women)[११३] | Accomplished, The Adept's Pose | Sitting, meditation [११३] | 10th C. GS 1.10-12 | |
सिंहासन[११४] | Lion | Sitting, Meditation[११४] | 4th C. DU[९४] 10th C. V[५६] | |
शीर्षासन[११५] Kapalasana[११६] | Headstand, Yoga Headstand | Inversion | 11th C. HY[११७](called Duryodhanāsana or Kapālīkarana) 14th C. ShS 4.45-47 (as Viparita Karani)[११८] 15th C. HYP 3.78-81 (ditto)[११८] 17th C. GhS 3.33-35 (ditto)[११८] 18th C. JP (as Kapala āsana) | |
सुखासन[११९] | Easy | Sitting, Meditation[१२०] | 4th C. DU[१२१] | |
सुप्त पादाङ्गुष्ठासन[१२२] | Big toe supine | Reclining | 20th C. TK[४२][६५] | |
सुर्य नमस्कार[१२३][१२४] | Forward bend, backbend sequence | Standing | 20th C. Rajah of Aundh,[१२५] then TK[५] | |
स्वस्तिकसन[१२६] | Auspicious Lucky mark | Sitting, Meditation[१२६] | 8th C. PSV[४४] | |
ताडासन[१२७] | Mountain | Standing | 20th C. TK[४२] | |
टिट्टिभासन[१२८] | Firefly | Balancing | 19th C. ST[३६] (as Mālāsana) | |
त्रिकोणासन, उत्थित त्रिकोणासन [१२९] | Triangle | Standing | 20th C. TK[१३०] | |
त्रिविक्रमासन[१३१] | Trivikrama's pose Standing splits Supta Trivikramasana (reclining variant) | Standing, Balancing | 13th - 18th C. in Bharatnatyam dance statues of Eastern Gopuram, Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram[१३२] | |
तुलासन[१३४] | Balance / Scales | Balancing | 20th C. LoY[१३५] | |
उपविष्टकोणासन[१३६] | Open Angle | Sitting | 20th C. TK[६५] | |
उत्कटासन | Awkward or Powerful | Standing | 15th C. HYP (squatting)[१३७] 17th C. GhS[३५] 20th C. TK[१३८] (chair-like) | |
ऊर्ध्वधनुरासन, चक्रासन [१३९] Chakrasana | Upwards-facing bow, Wheel | Inversion, Backbend | 19th C. ST[१४०] (as Paryaṇkāsana) | |
ऊर्ध्वमुखश्वानासन[१४१] | Upward-Facing Dog | Reclining, Backbend | 20th C. TK[४२] | |
उष्ट्रासन[१४२] | Camel | Kneeling, Backbend | 20th C. LoY[१४३] | |
उत्तानासन[१४४] | Standing Forward Bend | Standing, Forward bend | 20th C. TB (as Padahastasana)[१४५]; TK[४२][६५] | |
उत्थित हस्तपादाङ्गुष्ठासन[१४६] | Standing Big Toe Hold (I: leg to the side; II: leg to the front[१४६]) | Standing | 20th C. TK[४२][६५] | |
वज्रासन)[१४७] | Thunderbolt | Kneeling, Meditation[१४८] | 17th C. GhS[३५] (may mean Virasana[११०]) | |
वसिष्ठासन[१४९] | Vasishta's pose, Side plank | Balancing | 20th C. TK[१५०] | |
विपरीत दण्डासन[१५१] | Inverted Staff | Inversion, Backbend | 20th C. TK?, LoY[१५१] | |
विपरीतकरणी[१५२] Uttanapadasana (variant) | Inverted practice Legs up the wall | Inversion | 13th C. VM for pratyahara[१५३] 14th C. ShS 4.45-47[११८] 15th C. HYP 3.78-81[११८] 17th C. GhS 3.33-35[११८] and other texts[१३०][h] | |
विपरीतवीरभद्रासन[१५४] | Reversed Warrior[i] | Standing | 21st C. PL[१५४] | |
वीरभद्रासन [१५५] | Warrior I | Standing | 20th C. TK[१५६][१५७] | |
वीरभद्रासन २[१५८] | Warrior II | Standing | 20th C. TK[१५६][१५७] | |
वीरभद्रासन III [१५९] | Warrior III | Standing | 20th C. TK[१५६][१५७] | |
वीरासन, ध्यान वीरासन [१६०] Dhyana Virasana[१६१] | Hero, Hero's Meditation | Kneeling, Meditation[१६१][१६२] | 4th C. DU[९४] 8th C. PSV[४४] (these may refer to a different meditation pose) | |
वृक्षासन[१६३] | Tree | Standing, Balancing | 17th C. GhS[३५] | |
वृश्चिकासन[१६४] | Scorpion | Inversion, Backbend | 20th C. LoY[१६५] (13th - 18th C. in Bharatnatyam dance statues of Eastern Gopuram, Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram but not yoga[१३२]) | |
योगनिद्रासन[१६६] Pasini Mudra | Yogic sleep Noose Mudra | Reclining, Forward bend | 17th C. HR 3.70 17th C. GhS 3.84 as a Mudra 18th C. painting, Mysore[१६७] |
नोट्स
- ^ Sjoman notes that the names of asanas have been used "promiscuous[ly]", making their history difficult to trace: the presence of matching names is not proof of continuity, since the same name may mean a different pose, and a pose may have been known by other names at different times.[२] The dates here are therefore based on documents which provide actual descriptions of the asanas.
- ^ The Yin Yoga variants are similar but not identical to their 'Yang' equivalents.[३]
- ^ GhS uses the name Garuḍāsana for a different pose.
- ^ Not yet yoga in 1896 as Jhūla pose in Vyayama Dipika gymnastics book[८०]
- ^ LoY has the legs as in Gomukhasana, not in Padmasana.[८१]
- ^ LoY quotes and interprets GhS 2.40 as meaning a variant of Salabhasana, the legs stretched out and raised, the arms as GhS states on the head, also raised;[८३] Saraswati has the head supported with elbows on the ground;[८२]a a widespread modern form has feet and head on the ground.
- ^ Several sitting meditation poses have been called Muktasana.
- ^ Viparita Karani is an inverted practice rather than an asana; the ShS, HYP and GhS descriptions suggest the actual posture used was a headstand.
- ^ This is a well-documented example of a post-Light on Yoga (1966) pose, created as a variation of the 20th century Warrior poses. Hundreds of less common variations of other poses have been created in the same time frame.
संदर्भ
- ^ "योगासनांचे वर्गीकरण". 20 June 2018 रोजी पाहिले.
- ^ Sjoman 1999, पान. 59.
- ^ a b Powers 2008, पान. 195.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 147.
- ^ a b Singleton 2010, पाने. 205-206.
- ^ Mallinson & Singleton 2017, पान. 125.
- ^ a b Lidell 1983, पान. 142.
- ^ Mallinson & Singleton 2017, पान. 124.
- ^ Saraswati 1996, पान. 137.
- ^ a b c Sjoman 1999, पान. 84.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 87.
- ^ Iyengar 1979, पाने. 246-247.
- ^ Steiner, Ronald (June 2015). "Anjaneyāsana - Learning devotion from Hanuman". Yoga Aktuell (जर्मन भाषेत) (92 June/July 2015). 23 January 2019 रोजी पाहिले.
- ^ Lidell 1983, पाने. 132–133.
- ^ Lidell 1983, पाने. 132-133.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 30.
- ^ Iyengar 1979, पाने. 74-76.
- ^ a b Singleton 2010, पाने. 205–206.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 128.
- ^ Iyengar 1979, पाने. 276-278.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 57.
- ^ a b c d "How to do Bhadrasana?". The Yoga Institute. 3 August 2018. 5 January 2019 रोजी पाहिले.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 130.
- ^ Lidell 1983, पान. 60.
- ^ a b Srinivasa 2002, पाने. 98–122 asanas listed; Figures of asanas in unnumbered pages between pages 153 and 154; asanas named but not described in text listed on pages 157–159.
- ^ Lidell 1983, पान. 39.
- ^ "Balasana - Child Pose". Akasha Yoga. 13 January 2019 रोजी पाहिले.
- ^ Sjoman 1999, पाने. 15, 70; plate 1 (pose 6).
- ^ a b c d Sjoman 1999, पान. 69.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 77.
- ^ Iyengar 1979, पाने. 251-254.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 86.
- ^ Iyengar 1979, पाने. 126-128.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 93.
- ^ a b c d e Mallinson 2004, पाने. 16–17.
- ^ a b c Sjoman 1999, पान. 76.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 129.
- ^ Iyengar 1979, पाने. 280-282.
- ^ Lidell 1983, पान. 166.
- ^ a b "Cat Pose – Marjariasana". Akasha Yoga. 13 January 2019 रोजी पाहिले.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 89.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Singleton 2010, पाने. 204-205.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 52.
- ^ a b c d Mallinson & Singleton 2017, पाने. 97-99.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 94.
- ^ Iyengar 1979, पाने. 299-302.
- ^ Sjoman 1999, पान. 78.
- ^ a b Lidell 1983, पाने. 136–137.
- ^ a b c Mallinson, James (9 December 2011). "A Response to Mark Singleton's Yoga Body by JamesMallinson". 4 January 2019 रोजी पाहिले. revised from American Academy of Religions conference, San Francisco, 19 November 2011.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 46.
- ^ a b Sjoman 1999, पान. 75.
- ^ Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990, पान. 56.
- ^ "Gomukhasana (Cow Face Posture)". The Divine Life Society. 2011. 28 January 2019 रोजी पाहिले.
Hence, this Asana is suitable for the practice of Pranayama. Ordinarily you can sit at all times in this Asana for long meditation also.
- ^ Ayyangar 1938, पान. 124.
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Reverse Warrior | You won't find this playful variation of Warrior II Pose in Light on Yoga.
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